Everything about Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin totally explained
Thomas Chrowder Chamberlin (
September 25,
1843 -
November 15,
1928) was an influential
American geologist and
educator. In 1893 he founded the
Journal of Geology, of which he was editor for many years.
Biography
Chamberlin was born
September 25,
1843 in
Mattoon, Illinois. When he was three years old his family moved north to near
Beloit, Wisconsin. His father was a
Methodist circuit minister and farmer. He attended a preparatory academy before entering
Beloit College, where he received a classical education in
Greek and
Latin, while becoming interested in natural science. While a student at Beloit he directed a church choir and participated in athletics and debate.
After graduation from
Beloit College in 1866, Chamberlin worked for two years as a teacher and later principal in a high school near Beloit. He was married to Alma Wilson in 1867.
In 1868–1869, Chamberlin spent a year taking graduate courses, including geology, at the
University of Michigan to strengthen his scientific background. Subsequently (1869-1873) he became professor of natural science at the State Normal School in
Whitewater, Wisconsin. He joined the Beloit faculty in 1873, where he was professor of geology, zoology, and botany. He worked for the
US Geological Survey and later was president of the
University of Wisconsin (1887 - 1892). In 1892 he accepted the offer to organize a department of geology at the new
University of Chicago, where he remained as a professor until 1918). From 1898 to 1914 he was president of the
Chicago Academy of Sciences.
He developed the
planetesimal theory, which states that
Earth was made from smaller objects that gradually built the planets by
accretion. From this theory and other geological evidence he concluded that Earth was much older than assumed by
Lord Kelvin (ca 100 million years) at the time.
Chamberlin remained active professionally up until his death in
Chicago on
November 15,
1928.
His papers are housed in the Beloit College archives, along with the papers of his son,
Rollin T. Chamberlin, who was also a geologist.. There are buildings named for him on the Beloit College and University of Wisconsin-Madison campuses. The
lunar crater Chamberlin and a
crater on
Mars are named in his honor.
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